GABAergic System in β-Cells: From Autoimmunity Target to Regeneration Tool
نویسنده
چکیده
The g-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a product of decarboxylation of the amino acid glutamate mediated by the synthesizing enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) (1–3). Although GABA is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the brain, it is produced at high levels in pancreatic islets (4). b-Cells store GABA in synaptic-like microvesicles, and upon its secretion, GABA exerts many paracrine functions in pancreatic islets (4). While the total function of GABA in b-cells is incompletely understood (4), its synthesizing enzyme GAD is possibly one of the most significant pancreatic islet b-cell autoantigens (5). GAD is a primary target of autoantibodies, and anti-GAD antibodies are associated with the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) (5).
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